Computing machine



Jan. 18, 1949.

w. E. LIPPERT 2,459,441

COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 20, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVEINTOR WALTEQE.| IDDEQT Jan. 18, 1949.

w. E. 'LIPPERT 2,459,441

COMPUTING MACHINE INVENTOR WALTER ELLIPPERT Jan. 18, 1949.- w. E.LIPPERT COMPUTING MACHINE Filed -Dec. 20, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORWALTER E.L| m: RT

ATTORNEY Jan; 18,- 1949. w, -r 2,459,441

COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 20, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR WALTEQE.| l DPERT W. E. LIPPERT COMPUTING MACHINE Jan. 18, 1949.

Filed Dec. 20, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 A INVENTOR WALTER E.| IDF EPTATroRNEY 2 Jan. 18, 1949. w, UPPERT 2,459,441

COMPUTING MACHINE Filed D90. 20, 1938 6 SheetsSheet 6 INVENTOR PatentedJan. 18, 1949 COMPUTING MACHINE Walter E. Lippert, Jackson Heights, N.Y., as- Corporation, a corporasignor to Underwood tion of DelawareApplication December 20, 1938, Serial No. 246,856 1 Claim. (Cl. 235-60)This invention relates to computing machines, and more particularly tomechanisms for obtaining true negative totals from a single adding andsubtracting totalizer.

It is well known that to obtain'such a total on the type of machineillustrated here, it is necessary to introduce a quantity known commonlyas a fugitive 1. This fugitive 1 may be introduced in different ways,the one being employed in the present instance operating as follows.

Whenever the totalizer is shifted from its adding position to itssubtracting position, 1 is subtracted, and whenever it is returned fromits subtracting position to its adding position, 1 is added. By doingthis, if a total is taken when the totalizer is in its subtractingposition (as is always the case in taking a negative total), thefugitive "1 is properly subtracted without any attention on the part ofthe operator.

It is also well known that to obtain a negative total without specialattention on the part of the operator, it is necessary to have theshifting of the totalizer to its subtracting position controlledautomatically by the totalizer (according to its positive or negativecondition), this automatic control of the shifting being customarily performed during a blank cycle immediately following the entry of the lastitem.

In mechanisms of this character it is therefore necessary at times (whenthe last item was a positive entry, but the total is negative, or viceversa) to shift the totalizer during the blank cycle, the shiftingincidentally causing the entry of the fugitive 1.

In many types of machines, the entry of a fugitive 1, or in fact theentry of any amount, may leave the actuating racks or transfermechanism, or both, in a condition that is not proper for taking atotal. It is, therefore, necessary in such machines to operate themachine through a second blank cycle before the total can be taken.

This requirement of two blank cycles prior to the taking of a total hasbeen found very objectionable, especially in types of work necessitatingthe taking of totals at frequent intervals. It is, therefore, an objectof the present invention to relieve this condition by providing amechanism that will properly condition machines of this character forthe taking of a negative total after one. instead of two blank cycles.

With this and incidental objects in view, the

invention consists in certain novel features of construction andcombinations of parts, the essential elements of which are set forth inappended claim, and a Preferred embodiment of which is hereinafterdescribed with reference to the drawings which accompany and form partof the specification.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a computing machine embodying theinvention,

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view of the keyboard thereof,

Figure 3 is a right side elevation of the totalizer and the fugitive "1entering mechanism, showing the position of the parts immediatelyfollowing the insertion of the fugitive 1,

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 but with the parts restored bycertain restoring mechanism that is operable at the beginning of a totalcycle,

Figure 5 is a right side elevation showing the totalizer engaged and thetrain of mechanism for momentarily disengaging the totalizer at thebeginning of a total cycle,

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5 but with the parts shown operatedand the totalizer disengaged,

Figure 7 is a fragmental perspective view of the mechanism forautomatically conditioning the totalizer to take a negative total,

Figure 8 is a fragmental perspective view of the rack and pawl restoringmechanism operable at the beginning of the total cycle, and showing theconnection between this mechanism and the blank cycle enforcingmechanism, and

Figure 9 shows a portion of a tally strip illustrating the type of workaccomplished by the machine.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION The invention is herein exemplified in connectionwith mechanism of the general character disclosed in the U. S. PatentsNo. 1,198,487, issued to Gustaf D. Sundstrand, and Nos. 1,583,102,1,965,611, 2,004,495 and 2,088,982, issued to Oscar J. Sundstrand.

On this class of machine, accumulating operations are performed byindexing in the keyboard the amount that is to be listed andaccumulated, and starting the machine by depressing the Motor bar. Stopsset by the amount keys arrest the type bars during their upward movementin positions wherein the numeral type corresponding to the amountindexed is in position to print. Adding and subtracting racks carried bythe type bars are arranged for movement therewith.

Prior to the up-stroke of the racks in an accumulating cycle, thetotalizer is moved to a neutral position intermediate the two sets ofracks, and

just prior to the down-stroke of the racks the totalizer is engaged withwhichever set of racks is to be used in the accumulating operation.

An enforced blank cycle prior to a total cycle insures the resetting ofany transfer pawls which may have been tripped during the precedingaccumulating cycles, and automatically engages the totalizer with theproper set of racks in accordance with the positive or negativecharacter of the total to be taken.

During the total cycle, the totalizer wheels are in mesh with theselected set of racks during the up-stroke of the latter. Therefore, asthe transfer lugs carried by the wheels abut the under side of theirassociated transfer pawls, their corresponding type bars are arrested inposition for printing the totals which have been accumulated in thetotalizer.

Since an error of 1 occurs whenever the totalizer overdrafts, a meansmust be provided to correct this error. tumbler arranged to beoscillated alternately clockwise and counter-clockwise, as the totalizershifts from one set of racks to the other. Such movement of the tumblercauses it to trip a pawl associated with the units order rack of the setof racks engaged, whereby the units rack is permitted to descend adistance of one tooth to additively or subtractively accumulate, as thecase may be, the fugitive l in the units wheel.

In the ordinary course of operations, this accumulation of the fugitive1 trips one or more transfer pawls and actuating racks that are notrestored until the next cycle. Further, it may happen that the amount ofthe last item of a group to be totaled is of opposite character to, w

and less than the aggregate amount of the preceding accumulated items.Under such a condition, when the machine is operated through the blankcycle to condition the totalizer for taking a total, the movement of thetotalizer from one set of racks to the other causes the fugitive 1" pawlto trip and thereby introduce the necessary fugutive 1 as in the normalcourse of operations, but, since the entry of the fugitive 1 leaves oneor more parts out of normal position, another blank cycle is necessarybefore the total can be taken.

To obviate the necessity of two blank cycles before taking a total,there is provided an independent rack and stop pawl restoring means.means is arranged to be controlled by the mechanism for enforcing theblank cycle, and upon operation of the latter, the means becomeseffective to disengage the totalizer from the racks, raise the descendedunits rack, restore the associated stop pawl, and re-engage thetotalizer at the beginning of the ensuing total cycle. Hence, theaccumulation of the fugitive 1 is completed at the very beginning of thetotal cycle, and before the type bars have started to rise.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION INDEX or TOPICS The machine sections and actuatingmechanism generally. Mechanism for shifting the totalizer. Transfermechanism generally. Fugitive "1 entering mechanism. Mechanism forenforcing a blank cycle prior to the taking of a total. Automaticallyconditioning the totalizer for taking a negative total. '7. Mechanismfor restoring racks and stop pawls at the beginning of a total cycle.

a: unaware This means includes a This 1. The machine sections andactuating mechanism generally Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the machineincludes the usual keyboard I having amount keys 2, a Subtract key 3,Non-add key 4, Total key 5, a carriage 6 supporting a, platen 1 aroundwhich the paper is guided, type bars 8 for printing on the paper, amotor 9 and a Motor bar [0.

Type bars 8 are suitably guided for vertical movement and areindividually raised and lowered by arms H (one being shown in Figure 3)carrying headed studs that lie in elongated openings l2 in the typebars. The arms H are pivoted on a shaft l3, and have springs such as Mconnected to their rear-most ends to raise such of the bars as are freeto rise as the machine operates. A rod I extends transversely across theforward ends of arms H and is arranged to control the upward anddownward movement of the type bars through the action of cam plates suchas it connected to the opposite ends of rod 15. Each cam plate l6 has acam slot l'l into which projects a stationary roller I 8 secured on themachine side wall. The rear end of each plate I6 is provided with arecess 19 in which lies a roller such as 20 mounted on stud 2| fixed ina lever 22 pivoted on a stationary stud 23 secured in the machine frame.Links such as 23 are connected to studs 2! and studs such as 24, fixedin the crank arms 25 secured to an actuating shaft 26.

The machine is actuated by a motor 9 (Figure 1). The motor is started bythe closing of a suitable switch, and is coupled with the actuatingshaft 26 by a suitable clutch upon depression of Motor bar In. Theactuating shaft is coupled with the motor drive in such manner that itis rocked, first, counter-clockwise (Figure. 3) and then clockwise,about during each cycle of the machine. Hence, as crank arms 25 swingupwardly during the first part of the cycle, levers 22 are swungclockwise about studs 23, and cam plates IS in turn are moved upwardly,raising rod 15 and thereby permitting arms H to raise type bars 8 underthe tension of springs I4. During the second half of the cycle, as crankarms 25 swing clockwise, a reverse movement of the parts takes place, i.e., levers 22 are swung counterclockwise, cam plates I5 are moveddownwardly, pulling rod l5 downwardly and thereby restoring the typebars. The foregoing train of parts and their operation is identical withthe similar parts disclosed in the aforementioned Patent No. 1,965,-611, except that the upper portion of cam slots H are provided withlonger dwells than the cam slots 33 in cam plates 32 of that patent,whereby type bars 8 are delayed somewhat from upward movement at thebeginning of the cycle for a purpose which will hereinafter beexplained.

Each type bar 8 carries a pair of depending actuating racks 21 and 28(Figure 3) lying on opposite sides of a totalizer indicated generally at29. The totalizer includes a plurality of wheels 30 journaled on a shaft3|. Shaft 3! is arranged to be shifted horizontally to engage wheels 30with either of the sets of racks. Racks 21 are effective to rotate theWheels in a clockwise direction for accumulation of additive amounts,while racks 28 rotate the wheels in a counterclockwise direction for theaccumulation of sub tractive amounts. Normally, the wheels are engagedwith adding racks 2 When an item indexed on keys 2 (Figure 1) is to beadded, wheels 3 are moved to neutral position (shown in Figure 4)between the two sets of racks, before type bars are raised to print theitem. The. wheels are moved back into engagement with racks 21 justbefore the bars are moved downwardly. Addition, therefore; isaccomplished" on the downstroke of the racks. The extent of rotation ofwheels 34] is controlled by the extent of riseof the type bars inaccordance with the amount indexed.

Depression of Substraction key 3 following the indexing of anitem causesthe wheels to be moved from neutral position into engagement withsubtraction racks 28 just before the latter descend, whereby subtractionof the item is accomplished' on the down-stroke;

To take atotal, the Total key 5 is depressed and the machine operated.During this operation, wheels 30 are engaged with the set of racksselected during the blank cycle preceding the total cycle, so thatduring the upstroke of the racks, the total is cleared from the wheels.They are withdrawn from engagement with the racks just before the racksdescend, and are r-e engaged at the very end of the operation.

Depression of Non-add key 4 causes wheels 30 to be held in neutralposition during both the ascent and descent of the racks, so that anitem may be printed without accumulating it on the totalizer;

All of the before-mentioned features are com mon to the Sund'strandpatents mentioned in the foregoing (with the minor exception of cams I6herei'nbefore noted) and to which reference may be had for a moredetailed description,

2. Mechanism for shifting the totalizer The mechanism for moving Wheels30 into and out ot mesh. with racks 21. and 28 to accomplish theoperations above outlined, is identical with that disclosed inthe No.1,965,611. A pair of links, such as 32' (Figures 5; 6 and '7 are pivotedat their forward ends to the opposite ends of shaft 3|. The rear ends oflinks 32 are pivoted as. at 33 to the lower ends of two levels. such. as34, fixed to a shaft 35 journaled inthe framework or the machine. Whenlevers 34v are in the position shown in Figure '7- (only the right leverbeing shown), wheels 39: are in mesh with adding racks 21.

The means for swinging levers 34 to move the 7 wheels into andout. ofmesh: with the racks comprises a link 36 (Figures 5', 6- and- 7 theforward end; of which is supported by a lever 31- pivoted onastud 38.The rear end of link. is provided with notches 3% and; to receiverespectively, on the opposite endsof the right handv lever 34.Rearwardly ofnotches 39' and 40 are lugs 43 and 44, respectively, whichserve to prevent disengagement-of lever 34 from link. 36. Forwardly ofnotches faces arranged to slide in contact with pins 4i and 4-2; Link 36is moved forward and back by a cam plate 45 (Figuresfi and 6) having acam slot. 46 therein, the upper portion of the slot being concentricwith the axis 41 of the plate. The forward end of link 36 carries aroller 48 that lies in. slot 46. Cam 45: is oscillated about its axis 47on eachcycl-e of the machine by a reversible pawl mechanism (not shown)having connection with actuating shaft 26 (Figure 3 as fully disclosedin Patent No. 1,965,611.. By provision of the above mechanism, as cam 45swings upwardly during the first half. ofthe cycle, link 36 is drawnforwardly, and levers 34 are swung clockwise about. shatt 35 as viewedin Figure 7, whereby previously mentioned Patent pins 41 and 42.

39' and 40 are curved surwheels 34 are withdrawn from engagement withracks 21 before the latter rise; and when cam 45 swings downwardly,during the latter half of the cycle, link 36 is thrust rearwardly,whereby levers 34 are rocked counter-clockwise of shaft 35, bringingwheels 39 into engagement with racks 2'! before they descend.

Link 36 is connected with Subtraction key 3 by a lever 49 (Figure 7)pivoted on the machine frame at 50. Lever 49 is provided at its rear endwith a recess 5! embracing a pin 52 on link 35, and has a downwardlyextending arm carrying a pin 54 that lies in a slot 55 in a slide 56. Aspring 51 connected between slide and lever 49 normally tensions the pinagainst the rear end of the slot. The forward end of slide 56 is pivotedto a depending arm of a lever 55 pivoted on a stud 59. Lover 58 has aforwardly extending arm 60 underlying a pin fixed in a plate 32. securedto the stem of Subtraction key 3. A spring connected between plate 62and the machine frame normally tensions key 3 upwardly, and a spring 54'connected between. the lower arm of lever and the machine frame normallytensions the lever clockwise about stud 59 so that arm 69 rests againstpin 6!. When the parts are in the normal position shown in Figure '7,tension of spring 64 urges slide 55 forwardly and causes lever 49 tohold notch 4U 01 link 36 in engagement with pin 42.

When an amount is to be subtracted, depression of key 3 rocks lever 58,which in turn thrusts slide 56 rearwardly, moving the rear end of slot55 away from pin 54 and tensioning lever 49 upwardly.

Now when levers 34 are rocked clockwise at the beginning of the cycle,notch. 39 is brought opposite pin 4|, whereupon lever 49 thrusts link 36upwardly, engaging notch 39 with pin 41 and disengaging notch 40 frompin 42.

Hence, as cam 45 (Figure 6) rocks downwardly at the beginning of. thesecond half of the cycle, levers 34 are rocked further clockwise aboutshaft 35 instead of counter-clockwise, engaging wheels 30 withsubtraction racks 28 (Figure 5) instead oi adding racks 21.

A latch indicated at 65 (Figure '7) is provided to maintain lever 58-and. its associated parts in operated position to eiTect this result. Atthe completion of the cycle, latch 65 is released, allowing the parts toreturn to their normal positions.

If, on the ensuing cycle, key 3 is again depressed, wheels 30 aredisengaged from racks 28 at the beginning of the cycle and remain insuch position during the ascent of the racks, re-engaging the racks justbefore the descent thereof. If key 3 is not. depressed, link 36 ceasesto be tensioned upwardly. Hence, at the beginning of this cycle, notch40 re-engages pin 42 as notch as disengages from pin 4!, whereby wheels39 are engaged with racks 27 instead of racks 28 during the last half ofthe cycle.

As described in Patent No. 1,965,611, the reversible pawl mechanism (notshown) does not disengage the totalizer at the beginning of a total"taking cycle. The totalizer, therefore, remains engaged (except for abrief interval later referred to) with the set of racks with which itwas left. engaged at the completion of the blank cycle, to set up thetotal on the type bars and return the. totalizer to zero. At thebeginning of the second half of the cycle, the totalizer is final totalis dedisen'gaged from the racks if a sired, and is again engaged at thevery end of the cycle. If a sub-total is desired, the totalizer isallowed to remain engaged during the entire second half of the cycle.

3. Transfer mechanism generally Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the setsof racks 21 and 28 are connected to type bars 8 by individualpin-and-slot connections that permit one step of downward movement ofeach rack relative to its type bar. The racks are guided for verticalmovement in slots 66, formed on inwa'rdly facing surfaces of a pair ofsimilar bars 61 which extend longitudinally of the totalizer and whichare supported in the machine frame.

Each rack is provided with a lug 68 which moves in the vertical plane ofits respective bar 61, and which is arranged to be arrested by the barto define the lowermost position of the racks.

Two rods 89 are supported in the machine frame at opposite sides of thetwo sets of racks, and operatively support a plurality of stop pawls 18,one such pawl being provided for each rack. Each pawl Ill is formed witha lug arranged to co-act with lugs 68 on their respective racks, tosupport the latter one step of movement above bars 61. To the lower endof each pawl 10 is pivoted a dog H, having a tooth l2 engaging the edgeof the adjacent bar 61.

Each of the wheels 30 has two diametrically opposed lugs 13 fixed to oneside thereof (see also Figure '7) and which are arranged to disengagethe teeth 12 from the bars 67. Vfhen an amount registered by a wheelreaches nine, continued rotation of that wheel as its rack descendsbrings one of the lugs 13 against the upper edge of the end of the dog Hassociated with the next higher order rack, thereby depressing the doguntil its tooth i2 is clear of the bar 51, whereupon a spring 14(assisted by the downward pressure of a spring I of the said next higherorder rack) moves the dog and pawl m away from the higher order rack,the latter then being free to drop the one tooth space, where it isstopped by contact of its lug 68 with bar 61.

Any transfer elements that are tripped during one cycle of the machineare normally restored during the next cycle. The pawls l0 and dogs H arerestored by a pair of rods 15 lying adjacent the dogs H. two bellcranklevers, such as 16, pivoted on rods 69. The beilerank levers areconnected for simultaneous swinging movement by a pin-and-slotconnection #1. The rods 15 are simultaneously moved toward and away fromtheir associated dogs 7! by operation of two arms, such as 78, that areformed integrally with the right hand set oi. bellcrank levers 16. A rod19, lying in the transverse plane of arms 18, is arranged for downwardmovement (as indicated by arrow) during the first half of each machinecycle. Such downward movement of this rod causes it to abut arms 18 andthereby rock bellcrank levers IS about their pivots to swing rods 15inwardly, as shown in Figure 4, to restore any pawls 16 and dogs II thathave been tripped. This restoring action takes place at a point in themachine cycle where any dropped type bars will have been raised, so thattheir lugs 68 are above the lugs on pawls when the latter are restored.

This construction is common to the Sundstrand patents previouslymentioned.

4. Fugitive "1 entering mechanism As previously stated, whenever atotalizer of Each rod '15 is supported by the type used in the presentconstruction is changed from a positive to a negative condition, or viceversa, an error of 1 occurs. in the accumulated total. To correct this,mechanism is provided to enter 1 in the units wheel 3| every time thetotalizer is shifted from the adding racks to the subtracting racks, orvice versa, so that when a, total is taken by one or the other set ofracks, the fugitive 1 will have been entered. This mechanism includes atumbler (Figures 3 and 4) which is rotatably mounted on shaft 3!immediately adjacent the units order wheel 30. Tumbler B9 is providedwith oppositely disposed lugs 8|, arranged to engage dogs H that areconnected with the pawls ll! associated with the units order racks 21and 28.

A pair of stationary pins 82 are held by the machine frame on oppositesides of an upward extension of tumbler 86. Movement of the totalizerfrom engagement with subtraction racks 28, as shown in Figure 3, pastneutral position, as shown in Figure 4, and into engagement with addingracks 2?, as shown in Figure '7, causes a beveled edge 83 on the tumblerto abut the right hand pin 82, and thereby cam the tumbler clockwiseabout shaft 3! a distance sufficient to cause lug 8! to release dog Hfrom engagement with bar 6?. This allows the units rack 2! to descend adistance of one tooth to additively introduce the fugitive l in theunits order wheel 36. Upon shifting totalizer 29 from engagement withadding racks 27, as shown in Figure 7, past neutral position and intoengagement with substracting racks 28, as shown in Figure 3, a bevelededge 34, similar to 83, abuts the left hand pin 82, and thereby camstumbler 8i} counter-clockwise about shaft SE, to cooperate with dog H inentering the fugitive 1 subtractively in the units order wheel 30.

A flat spring detent 35, suitably mounted in the totalizer frame, isarranged to engage spaced notches in the upper extension of tumbler 88to hold the tumbler in either of its moved positions. It will beobserved with reference to Figure 4 that the movement of totalizer 29from engagement with either of the sets of racks to merely neutralposition does not impart any movement to tumbler til, since this amountof movement of wheels 30 from either of the sets of racks isinsufficient to cause either of the beveled edges 83 and 84 to be cammeddownwardly by the stationary pins 82. The accumula tion of a fugitive lwhich has been introduced as above described is completed on the ensuingcycle when the tripped stop pawl iii and its associated dog are restoredby the transfer restoring mechanism described in the preceding section.

5. Mechanism for enforcing a blank cycle prior to the taking of a totalThis machine is equipped with a mechanism similar to that described inthe afore-mentioned Patent No. 1,583,102 for enforcing a blank cycleprior to the taking of a total. The purpose of this mechanism is toinsure restoration of any tripped transfer pawls before the total istaken, and also to engage the totalizer with either the adding orsubtracting racks in accordance with the character of the total.

The blank cycle mechanism comprises a detent plate 86 (Figure 8) guidedto move forward and rearward in a horizontal plane, said plate beingpivotally connected at 8'! to a frame 88. Frame 88 is mounted, for itslimited swinging 9 Movement, upon a stationary rod 89 hired in themachine frame, and is normally urged for- W'ard by springs such as 90.

plate 91 pivoted in the machine frame at 02 is provided with a lug 93. Aforwardly project'ing lug 94 on detent 86 is continually held in contactwith lug 93 through the action of springs 90. Whenever any one of thenumeral keys '2 is depressed to set up the first digit of an item,'detent plate 06 is pushed back to prevent pins 95 carried by the typebars' ate the left of the set up number from rising. This result iseffected by a lever 90 pivoted in the framework of the machine at 91,the front end of lever 96 bearing against a universal ball 98 arrangedto be rocked by depression of any of the keys 2 by suitable connectionssimilar to the one shown.

Detent plate 86 is held in its rearward position against the tension ofsprings 90 by a latch 99 pivoted at I and held in contact with plate 9Ithrough tension of a spring I M.

During a blank cycle, a means for removing detent plate 8 6 from abovethe type bar pins 95 becomes eifective. This means comprises a lever I02pivoted at I03 to plate 9| and having an extension I04 which lies in thepath of a projection I05 fixed on one of the crank arms 25 on actuatingshaft '26. When the extension I04 is struck by the projection I'05,plate BI is forced forward away from detent plate 86, thereby releasingthe latter to the action of springs 90.

In order that projection I04 shall not release detent 86 to the actionof springs 90 during the entering of an item, but only during a blankcycle, extension I04 is made movable into and out of the path ofmovement of projection I05, under control of amount keys 2 by thefollowing parts.

An arm I06 of lever I02 is arranged to abut a lug I01 formed on a slideI08 through which the upstanding pins 95 of type bars 8 are guided. Aspring I09 tends to move lever I02 in the direction to lower extensionI04 out of the path of movement of projection I05. is in its initialposition, extension I'04 is held up in the path of movement ofprojection I05. How ever, when a digit is set up by depression of anumeral key 2, the resulting movement of slide I08 (through suitableescapement mechanism not shown) allows extension I04 to be lowered byspring I09 out of the path of movement of projection I 05, so that plate9| is not moved forward during that cycle. When slide I08 is returned toits initial position at the end of the cycle, however, extension I04 israised into the path of projection I05 so that if the next cycle is ablank cycle, extension I04 is struck by projection I05 and moves plate9| forward, allowing plate 06 also to move forward to condition themachine for the taking of a total.

This mechanism is substantially identical with that disclosed in PatentNo. 1,583,102.

6. Automatically conditioning the totalieef for taking a negative totalA mechanism similar to that disclosed in Patent No. 2,088,982 isprovided in this machine to insure the engagement of the totalizer withsubtracting racks '00 during the blank cycle, in the event that thetotalizer has become overdrafted,

When slide mi upper arm of the bail has a universal connection withlever 22 whereby, as this level is swung to and fro about stud 23 duringeach cycle of the machine, it imparts a slight oscillatory movement tobail H0. The lower arm of the bail carries a yielding projection II2arranged to lie directly in front of a. stud II'3 hired in slide 56,whenever the ball is elevated a slight distance on studs I I I. Themeans for so elevating bail H 3 comprises a bellcrank H4 pivoted on astud H5 and having a horizontal arm I I6 underlying a pin I I1 securedto the bail. A vertical arin II8 of the bellcrank has an inturne'dflange l I9 that normally, during each cycle of the machine, abuts astop lever I20 pivoted at I2I in the machine frame. A link I22 (N0. 1076in Patent N0. 2,088,982) pivoted Oh a stud I23 secured in arm IIB hasconnected thereto a spring I 24 which tensions flange I I9 towere stoplever I 20.

The rear end of lever 520 is forked, and ernbraces a pin I25 fixed in anextension I 26 of a plate I27 mounted for pivotal movement on a rod I28supported in the machine frame. The upper edge of plate $27 is embracedby a forked end of a link I29, which is connected by pin-and slotcohh'ectionswith arms 30 pivoted on rods 69. Each arm I30 is providedwith a dog I3I similar to the dogs TI, and which are arranged to' bedisengaged from bars 6! by lugs 73 of the totaliaer wheel 30 of highestorder. v

A roller I32 on the lower end of lever 22 is arranged to bear against aflange I33 providedon arm H8 of bellcrank H4 and holds flange H9 21short distance away from stop lever when lever 22 is in the normalposition shown. When an amount accumulated in the totalizer represents adebit balance, the parts are in the position shown in Figure '7. Howeverwhen the totalizer is overdrafted, the Wheel 30 of highest order passesthrough zero, causing lug 13 to trip dog I3I on the subtract side of thetotalizer, and to swing arm I30 clockwise about rod 69 under tension ofspring M. This movement thrusts link I29 toward the right as viewed inFigure 7, rocks plate I21 clockwise about rod I28, and swings stop leverI20 downwardly about its pivot I2I, out of the path of flange H9. Now,if a blank cycle is taken to condition the machine for a totaloperation, be'll'crank H4 is free to swing clockwise about stud II5 asroller I32 moves away from flange I33 at the beginning of the cycle.This permits arm I It to elevate bail i I0, bringing projection I I2into the plane of stud I I3.

Clockwise oscillation of ball I I0 then causes the projection to abutstud H3 and thrust slide 56 rearwardly to tension lever 49 upwardly.Hence, when levers 34 rock clockwise following the above describedmovement of the parts. notch 39 of link 30 engages pin II in the samemanner as previously described. Therefore, wheels 30 are placed in'-engagement with the subtraction racks 23 (Figure 3) at the beginning ofthe last half of the cycle, preparatory to the taking of the negativetotal on the succeeding cycle. At the end of the blank cycle, roller I32strikes flange H53 and rocks bellcrank I' I4 counter-clockwise to itsnormal positlon.

Mechanism similar to that disclosed in Patent No. 2,088,982 is providedon the forward end of link I22 to prevent the link from coming forwardwhen an amount is indexed in the keyboard, so that even though stoplever I20 is lowered out of the path of flange II9 by virtue of thepresence of a. negative balance in the totalizer, the" latter will notbe automatically engaged with the subtraction racks for the accumulatingoperation.

7. Mechanism for restoring racks and stop pawls at the beginning of atotal cycle The automatic shifting of the totalizer from one set ofracks to the other in accordance with the nature of the total to betaken occurs during the blank cycle as above described, and causestumbler 39 to trip the fugitive 1 pawl of the set of racks engaged, tocorrect the error of 1 as described above. However, since this insertionof the fugitive 1, like an ordinary transfer from one order to the next,leaves one or more of the actuating racks and transfer dogs out ofnormal position, a second blank cycle must be taken before the total,unless some other means is provided to restore these parts.

A means to restore these parts without requiring the second blank cycleis provided in the present mechanism, and is rendered effective byactuation of the blank cycle mechanism, to restore the parts at the verybeginning of the total cycle. In operation, this mechanism withdrawstotalizer 29 from engagement with the racks, raises the descended unitsrack and any other racks which may have descended by virtue of transfer,restores their respective tripped stop pawls and re-engages thetotalizer with the set of racks from which it was disengaged, at thebeginning of the total cycle and before the type bars and racks start torise to print the total.

The mechanism includes a lever I34 (Figure 8) pivoted on a stud I35fixed on a plate I36. Plate I36 is pivoted on a stud I31 on the machineframe, and has a cam edge I38 against which rides a roller I39 securedon the left crank arm 25. A spring I46, connected between plate I36 andthe machine frame tensions edge I38 against roller I39. During eachcycle of the machine, crank arm 25 swings plate I36 upwardly raisinglever I34. As crank arm 25 returns to its initial position shown inFigure 8, plate I36 restores under tension of spring I46, and lever I34likewise descends to the position shown. A spring I4I connected betweenlever I34 and plate I35 normally tensions thelever clockwise (as viewedin Figure 8) about stud I35, and causes a hook I42 formed on the lowerend of the lever to embrace one of the four pins I43. The upper end ofthe lever lies in the path of a projection I44 on detent 86. When anamount is indexed on amount keys 2 and detent 66 is thrust rearwardly,projection I44 strikes the upper end of lever E34 and rocks the levercounter-clockwise (as viewed in Figure .8) so that hook I42 isineffective to engage pins I43. During a blank cycle, as detent 66 andprojection I44 move forwardly, the upper end of lever I34 follows theprojection under the tension of spring I4I, causing hook I42 to engageone of the pins I43. Pins I43 are fixed on a disk I45 secured on one endof a shaft I46 suitably journaled at its opposite ends in the machineframe.

A pair of four-point cams I41 and I48 are fixed on shaft I46 on oppositesides of a link I49 (Figures and 6), with their points arranged inoffset relation as shown. Link I49 is provided with a slot I59 toaccommodate shaft I46, and carries an inwardly projecting pin I5Iarranged to be engaged by the points of cam I41, and an outwardlyprojecting pin I52 arranged to be engaged by the points of cam I48. Theopposite end of link I49 is pivoted at I53 to a cam lever I54 looselyjournaled on actuating shaft 26.

'12 Cam lever I54 is provided with a slot I55 embrac ing a roller I56secured on cam plate 45.

When hook I42 is engaged with one of the pins I43, upward movement ofplate I36 causes the hook to rotate shaft I46, During this movement, oneof the points of cam I48 bears against pin I52 and thrusts link I49toward the right to the position shown in Figure 6. This movement rockscam lever I54 counter-clockwise to rotate cam plate 45counter-clockwise, a distance sufficient to cause link 36 to withdrawtotalizer 29 to neutral position as shown in Figure 6. It remains inthis position for an instant, after which one of the points on cam I4!strikes pin I5I and moveslink I49, lever I54, plate 45 and link 36 backto their initial positions shown in Figure 5, to re-engage the totalizerwith the set of racks from which it has just withdrawn.

This movement of shaft I46 occurs at the very beginning of the totalcycle, and suiicient time is provided for its completion before the typebars are raised to lift the racks. This time is provided by provision ofextra length in the d'well'in cam slot Il (Figure 3) in plates I6, asreferred to in an earlier part of the specification.

While the totalizer remains momentarily in the neutral position as shownin Figure 6, a second pair of four-point cams I5'I (Figures 3, 4 and 8),secured on shaft I46, raise any dropped racks and restore any trippedstop pawls in the following manner. A pair of bails I58 and I59 (bestshown in Figure 8) are pivoted on stationary rods I66, and each carriesa transversely extending rod I6I located directly under the sets ofracks TI and 28 at a distance beneath the racks sufiicient to permit onestep of downward movement thereof. The inner ends of the bails arepivotally connected to each other by pin-and-slot connections. Bail I58carries a pair of inwardly projecting studs I62 arranged to be engagedby the points of cams I51. A pair of arms I63 pivoted on a stationaryrod I64 are provided with cam slots I65 embracing a rod I66 carried bybail I59. The upper ends of arms I63 have pivotally mounted thereon apair of yielding projections I6? arranged to bear against therear stoppawl restoring rod I5 (see also Figure 3). While totalizer 29 ismomentarily disengaged, during the 90 movement of shaft I46, a pair ofthe points of cams I57 bear against studs I62 and cam bails I58 and I59upwardly from the position shown in Figure 3 to the position shown inFigure 4. This movement causes rods IE! to restore any dropped rack(rack 28 in Figure 3) so that its lug 66 is above the plane of the lowerend of stop pawl 16. At the same time, arms I63 are rotatedcounter-clockwise as viewed in Figures 3 and 4, by virtue of their camslot connections with rod I66, causing projections I6! to thrustrestoring rod l5 inwardly toward the racks, as shown in Figure 4; torestore the tripped dogs TI and stop pawls 16. In this manner, the partsused in entering a fugitive l in the totalizer during a blank cycle arerestored to normal position before the type bars and racks rise'during atotal taking operation.

A spring pulled detent I68 (Figures 3 and 4) is pivoted at I6? in themachine frame, and carries at its lower end a roller I69 engagingnotches in disk I45, to prevent improper rotation of shaft I46.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described isadmirably'adapted to fulfill the objects primarily stated, it is to beunderstood that it. is not intended to confine the invention to the oneform of embodiment herein disclosed, for it is susceptible of embodimentin various forms all coming within the scope of the claim which follows.

What is claimed is:

In a calculating machine having cycling mechanism, totalizer, sets ofactuators respectively at opposite sides of said totalizer, means forshifting the totaiizer into engagement with one or the other or saidactuator sets and to a neutral position between them, a mechanismoperable to effect tens-transfers by an extra step of moverient of saidactuators, total-taking control means, and means operated by saidcycling mechanism prior to total-taking for moving the totalizer toneutral position and restoring actuators that have been moved an extrastep; the combination with the foregoing of supplemental means forrestoring actuators that have been moved an extra step when thetotalizer moves from one set of actuators to the other in conditioning'the machine for total-taking, comprising movable means positionedopposite the actuators, a rotatable member having cams, a connec-REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,649,478 Lansiedel Nov. 15, 19271,827,890 Horton Oct. 20, 1931 1,844,070 Muller Feb. 9, 1932 2,088,982Sunclstrand Aug. 3, 1937 2,118,588 Butler May 24, 1938 2,261,242 FettigNov. 4, 1941

